County soil summary
Soil types in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
The most widespread soils are Hagerstown, Duffield and Manor; the most common drainage class is well drained (79% of the land), and typical topsoil pH is 5.8.
- Well or moderately well drained
- 93% of land · state 80%
- Typical topsoil pH
- 5.8 moderately acidic · state 5.3
- Septic fields very limited
- 57% of land · state 91%
- Subject to flooding
- 6% of land, any frequency · state 5%
Most common soils in Lancaster County
Share of mapped land
A county is a patchwork of many soils. These 8 cover 62% of the mapped land; 67 named soil series are mapped here in all.
| Soil | Share of land | Drainage | Topsoil pH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hagerstown | 11.2% | Well drained | 6.0 |
| Duffield | 11.0% | Well drained | 6.7 |
| Manor | 9.5% | Well drained | 5.3 |
| Chester | 8.2% | Well drained | 5.0 |
| Glenelg | 6.9% | Well drained | 5.4 |
| Bedington | 5.7% | Well drained | 5.9 |
| Ungers | 5.4% | Well drained | 5.2 |
| Glenville | 4.0% | Moderately well drained | 6.8 |
What this means
What the soils in Lancaster County mean for gardens, lawns and septic systems
For your garden
Typical topsoil in Lancaster County is moderately acidic: pH 5.8 (most land between 5.0 and 6.7). Many vegetables grow well here, and some gardens benefit from a little lime. Test before adding any.
Loamy topsoil (loam, silt loam and similar) covers 98% of the land: generally the easiest soil to garden, holding moisture without staying waterlogged. The most common surface texture is silt loam (77% of the land).
93% of the land is moderately well to excessively drained, which suits most garden plants.
For your lawn and yard
Most land is in hydrologic groups B and C, where rain soaks in at a moderate pace.
For a septic system
For conventional septic absorption fields, NRCS rates 57% of the land in Lancaster County very limited, 41% somewhat limited and 0% not limited (2% not rated, such as urban land, pits or water).
Statewide, 91% of the land is very limited, so Lancaster County is less restrictive than typical.
Where the soil is very limited (slow permeability, a high water table, flooding, shallow bedrock or steep slopes), alternative systems such as mound or sand-filter designs are common and cost more.
Flooding is mapped on 6% of the land (4% occasional, 2% frequent).
Only a licensed site evaluation or perc test at the actual lot decides whether a system is allowed and which design.
Drainage
How long the soil stays wet
The most common drainage class is well drained (79%). 93% of the land is moderately well drained or better, compared with 80% across Pennsylvania.
Show as a table
| Category | Lancaster County | Pennsylvania |
|---|---|---|
| Excessively drained | 0.0% | 0.5% |
| Somewhat excessively drained | 0.6% | 4.7% |
| Well drained | 79.2% | 51.5% |
| Moderately well drained | 12.8% | 23.3% |
| Somewhat poorly drained | 3.3% | 9.3% |
| Poorly drained | 1.9% | 6.5% |
| Very poorly drained | 0.0% | 0.8% |
| Not rated | 2.2% | 3.4% |
Septic absorption fields
NRCS rating for conventional drain fields
The rating looks at the soil from 24 to 60 inches deep: permeability, depth to a seasonal water table or bedrock, flooding and slope. “Very limited” means at least one feature is unfavorable enough that a conventional field is hard to make work.
Show as a table
| Category | Lancaster County | Pennsylvania |
|---|---|---|
| Not limited | 0.0% | 0.4% |
| Somewhat limited | 40.9% | 6.4% |
| Very limited | 57.4% | 91.0% |
| Not rated | 1.7% | 2.3% |
Rain, runoff and water table
Hydrologic soil group, flooding, seasonal water table
Hydrologic soil group
How fast rain soaks in when the soil is already wet. Group A soaks in fastest, D slowest.
Show as a table
| Category | Lancaster County | Pennsylvania |
|---|---|---|
| A: fast infiltration (mostly sandy or gravelly) | 3.2% | 15.8% |
| B: moderate infiltration | 76.0% | 20.3% |
| C: slow infiltration | 9.2% | 19.1% |
| D: very slow infiltration (clayey, shallow or wet) | 1.3% | 23.9% |
| A/D: D as is, A if drained | 0.0% | 0.4% |
| B/D: D as is, B if drained | 2.4% | 3.2% |
| C/D: D as is, C if drained | 5.7% | 13.6% |
| Not rated | 2.2% | 3.7% |
Flooding
Show as a table
| Category | Lancaster County | Pennsylvania |
|---|---|---|
| No flooding | 93.4% | 94.0% |
| Rare or very rare | 0.1% | 0.4% |
| Occasional | 4.2% | 2.0% |
| Frequent or very frequent | 1.7% | 2.7% |
| Not reported | 0.6% | 0.9% |
Seasonal high water table
Show as a table
| Category | Lancaster County | Pennsylvania |
|---|---|---|
| Within 18 inches at some time of year | 4.9% | 26.1% |
| 18 inches to 3.3 feet | 13.1% | 18.0% |
| Deeper than 3.3 feet or none reported | 82.0% | 55.6% |
| Not reported | 0.0% | 0.3% |
Topsoil pH and texture
First mineral layer of each soil
Typical topsoil pH is 5.8 (moderately acidic); 80% of rated land falls between 5.0 and 6.7. Median topsoil organic matter is 3%.
Show as a table
| Category | Lancaster County | Pennsylvania |
|---|---|---|
| Strongly acidic (below 5.5) | 42.4% | 54.8% |
| Moderately to slightly acidic (5.5–6.4) | 31.9% | 35.8% |
| Near neutral (6.5–7.3) | 24.0% | 6.0% |
| Alkaline (7.4 and up) | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Not reported | 1.7% | 3.5% |
Texture
Show as a table
| Category | Lancaster County | Pennsylvania |
|---|---|---|
| Sandy | 0.0% | 0.4% |
| Loamy (loam, silt loam and similar) | 98.3% | 95.8% |
| Clayey (40%+ clay) | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Organic (muck or peat) | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Not reported (rock, urban land, etc.) | 1.7% | 3.6% |
Sources & data dates
- Source
- USDA NRCS Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), queried through Soil Data Access. Public domain.
- Data date
- SSURGO as published on November 3, 2026 (most recent survey area update October 26, 2026). NRCS refreshes SSURGO each October.
- Scope
- Lancaster County, Pennsylvania (FIPS 42071): 604,744 acres of mapped land, 24,772 acres of open water excluded. State comparisons pool all mapped land in Pennsylvania.
- Method
- Shares are by mapped land area: each map unit’s acres in the county times each soil component’s percentage. Open water is excluded. Topsoil values use the first mineral horizon of each component. Full methodology.