Soil series profile

Sulphura soil series

Sulphura is a somewhat excessively drained soil with a channery silt loam surface, mapped on 206,242 acres in 15 counties in TN. Hydrologic group C.

#1755 by mapped area loamy-skeletal Typic Dystrudepts (Inceptisols)

Drainage class
Somewhat excessively drained
100% of mapped acres
Hydrologic group
C
49% of mapped acres
Typical topsoil pH
5.5
strongly acidic · range 5.5–5.6
Mapped area
206k
acres in 15 counties, 1 state

Typical Sulphura profile

Texture and pH by depth

Typical Sulphura soil profile by depth 0 in 10 in 20 in 30 in 0–8 in · A · pH 5.5 · 20% clay Channery silt loam 8–27 in · Bw · pH 5.5 · 20% clay Very channery silt loam 27–37 in · R Bedrock
Depth to scale. More strongly shaded layers hold more clay. Horizon names are the soil survey's (A = topsoil, B = subsoil, C = parent material).
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Typical Sulphura horizons (representative values)
Depth Texture pH Clay Sand Organic matter
0–8 in (A) Channery silt loam 5.5 20% 26% 2%
8–27 in (Bw) Very channery silt loam 5.5 20% 26% 0.25%
27–37 in (R) Bedrock Not reported Not reported Not reported Not reported

Representative values from the most extensive Sulphura map unit (Sulphura channery silt loam, 25 to 55 percent slopes, survey area TN165). Other map units of this series vary within the series range.

Hands holding dark garden soil
Stock photo for illustration, not a sample of this soil series. Credit on the Sources & method page.

What this means

What Sulphura soil means for gardens, lawns and septic systems

For gardens

Typical topsoil in Sulphura soils is strongly acidic: pH 5.5 (most land between 5.5 and 5.6). Most vegetables and lawn grasses do best around 6.0 to 7.0, so lime is often needed; blueberries, azaleas and rhododendrons like it as it is.

Loamy topsoil (loam, silt loam and similar) covers 100% of mapped Sulphura acres: generally the easiest soil to garden, holding moisture without staying waterlogged. The most common surface texture is channery silt loam (50% of mapped Sulphura acres).

100% of mapped Sulphura acres is excessively or somewhat excessively drained: water moves through fast, so gardens need more frequent watering in dry spells.

For lawns and yards

On 52% of mapped acres, rain soaks in slowly (hydrologic groups C and D, including dual groups that are D until drained). Expect runoff and puddles after heavy rain: core-aerate compacted lawns and keep ground sloping away from foundations.

For a septic system

For conventional septic absorption fields, NRCS rates 100% of the acres in mapped Sulphura soils very limited, 0% somewhat limited and 0% not limited.

Where the soil is very limited (slow permeability, a high water table, flooding, shallow bedrock or steep slopes), alternative systems such as mound or sand-filter designs are common and cost more.

Only a licensed site evaluation or perc test at the actual lot decides whether a system is allowed and which design.

Generated from the mapped numbers above using fixed rules, not a site visit. See how these notes are written.

Where Sulphura soil is found

Mapped acres

Sulphura is mapped in Tennessee.

Counties with the most mapped Sulphura soil
County Acres Share of county land
Sumner County, TN 42,724 12.7%
Wayne County, TN 36,851 7.9%
Cheatham County, TN 21,562 11.2%
Lewis County, TN 21,094 11.7%
Perry County, TN 19,668 7.4%
Davidson County, TN 13,985 4.4%
Hickman County, TN 13,426 3.4%
Dickson County, TN 11,992 3.8%
Williamson County, TN 7,446 2.0%
Macon County, TN 7,428 3.8%
Hardin County, TN 4,007 1.1%
Lawrence County, TN 3,910 1.0%
Trousdale County, TN 1,719 2.4%
Pickett County, TN 385 0.4%
Fentress County, TN 46 0.0%

Septic absorption fields

NRCS rating, share of Sulphura acres

Not limited 0%
Somewhat limited 0%
Very limited 100%
Septic tank absorption field rating across mapped Sulphura acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
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Septic tank absorption field rating across mapped Sulphura acres.
CategoryShare of acres
Not limited0.0%
Somewhat limited0.0%
Very limited100.0%

Drainage, water table and flooding

Share of Sulphura acres

Depth to seasonal high water table
None reported within about 6.5 feet (median where reported).
Flooding
Not mapped as flooding on most acres.
Slope
Typically 35–50% (median 40%).
Topsoil organic matter
Median 2%.

Drainage class

Excessively drained 0%
Somewhat excessively drained 100%
Well drained 0%
Moderately well drained 0%
Somewhat poorly drained 0%
Poorly drained 0%
Very poorly drained 0%
Drainage class across mapped Sulphura acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Drainage class across mapped Sulphura acres.
CategoryShare of acres
Excessively drained0.0%
Somewhat excessively drained100.0%
Well drained0.0%
Moderately well drained0.0%
Somewhat poorly drained0.0%
Poorly drained0.0%
Very poorly drained0.0%

Hydrologic soil group

A: fast infiltration (mostly sandy or gravelly) 0%
B: moderate infiltration 48%
C: slow infiltration 49%
D: very slow infiltration (clayey, shallow or wet) 2%
A/D: D as is, A if drained 0%
B/D: D as is, B if drained 0%
C/D: D as is, C if drained 0%
Hydrologic soil group across mapped Sulphura acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Hydrologic soil group across mapped Sulphura acres.
CategoryShare of acres
A: fast infiltration (mostly sandy or gravelly)0.0%
B: moderate infiltration48.4%
C: slow infiltration49.3%
D: very slow infiltration (clayey, shallow or wet)2.4%
A/D: D as is, A if drained0.0%
B/D: D as is, B if drained0.0%
C/D: D as is, C if drained0.0%

Sources & data dates

Source
USDA NRCS Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), queried through Soil Data Access. Public domain.
Data date
SSURGO as published on November 3, 2026 (most recent survey area update October 26, 2026). NRCS refreshes SSURGO each October.
Scope
All map unit components named Sulphura (component kind "Series") in SSURGO: 206,242 acres.
Method
Shares are by mapped acres of Sulphura components. The profile comes from the single largest Sulphura component. Full methodology.

Independent reference site. No government affiliation or endorsement.

Full narrative description: USDA Official Soil Series Description for Sulphura.