County soil summary
Soil types in Fulton County, Georgia
The most widespread soils are Rion, Cecil and Grover; the most common drainage class is well drained (56% of the land), and typical topsoil pH is 5.5.
- Well or moderately well drained
- 61% of land · state 69%
- Typical topsoil pH
- 5.5 strongly acidic · state 5.3
- Septic fields very limited
- 30% of land · state 68%
- Subject to flooding
- 10% of land, any frequency · state 19%
Most common soils in Fulton County
Share of mapped land
A county is a patchwork of many soils. These 8 cover 86% of the mapped land; 27 named soil series are mapped here in all.
| Soil | Share of land | Drainage | Topsoil pH |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urban landLand type, not a soil series | 33.3% | — | — |
| Rion | 21.3% | Well drained | 5.5 |
| Cecil | 13.0% | Well drained | 5.5 |
| Grover | 4.2% | Well drained | 5.5 |
| Appling | 4.2% | Well drained | 5.5 |
| Cartecay | 3.7% | Somewhat poorly drained | 5.8 |
| Pacolet | 3.3% | Well drained | 5.5 |
| Toccoa | 2.9% | Moderately well drained | 5.8 |
What this means
What the soils in Fulton County mean for gardens, lawns and septic systems
For your garden
Typical topsoil in Fulton County is strongly acidic: pH 5.5 (most land between 5.5 and 5.8). Most vegetables and lawn grasses do best around 6.0 to 7.0, so lime is often needed; blueberries, azaleas and rhododendrons like it as it is.
Loamy topsoil (loam, silt loam and similar) covers 64% of the land: generally the easiest soil to garden, holding moisture without staying waterlogged. The most common surface texture is sandy loam (64% of the land).
61% of the land is moderately well to excessively drained, which suits most garden plants.
For your lawn and yard
Most land is in hydrologic groups B and C, where rain soaks in at a moderate pace.
For a septic system
For conventional septic absorption fields, NRCS rates 30% of the land in Fulton County very limited, 36% somewhat limited and 0% not limited (34% not rated, such as urban land, pits or water).
Statewide, 68% of the land is very limited, so Fulton County is less restrictive than typical.
Flooding is mapped on 10% of the land (10% occasional, 0% frequent).
Only a licensed site evaluation or perc test at the actual lot decides whether a system is allowed and which design.
Drainage
How long the soil stays wet
The most common drainage class is well drained (56%). 61% of the land is moderately well drained or better, compared with 69% across Georgia.
Show as a table
| Category | Fulton County | Georgia |
|---|---|---|
| Excessively drained | 0.7% | 2.1% |
| Somewhat excessively drained | 0.0% | 3.0% |
| Well drained | 55.8% | 58.8% |
| Moderately well drained | 4.9% | 4.7% |
| Somewhat poorly drained | 3.7% | 7.4% |
| Poorly drained | 1.3% | 16.5% |
| Very poorly drained | 0.0% | 5.9% |
| Not rated | 33.7% | 1.5% |
Septic absorption fields
NRCS rating for conventional drain fields
The rating looks at the soil from 24 to 60 inches deep: permeability, depth to a seasonal water table or bedrock, flooding and slope. “Very limited” means at least one feature is unfavorable enough that a conventional field is hard to make work.
Show as a table
| Category | Fulton County | Georgia |
|---|---|---|
| Not limited | 0.0% | 0.3% |
| Somewhat limited | 36.1% | 30.3% |
| Very limited | 30.2% | 68.0% |
| Not rated | 33.7% | 1.5% |
Rain, runoff and water table
Hydrologic soil group, flooding, seasonal water table
Hydrologic soil group
How fast rain soaks in when the soil is already wet. Group A soaks in fastest, D slowest.
Show as a table
| Category | Fulton County | Georgia |
|---|---|---|
| A: fast infiltration (mostly sandy or gravelly) | 4.3% | 10.5% |
| B: moderate infiltration | 49.0% | 44.5% |
| C: slow infiltration | 7.8% | 10.9% |
| D: very slow infiltration (clayey, shallow or wet) | 0.1% | 6.8% |
| A/D: D as is, A if drained | 3.7% | 7.4% |
| B/D: D as is, B if drained | 1.5% | 12.4% |
| C/D: D as is, C if drained | 0.0% | 5.9% |
| Not rated | 33.7% | 1.5% |
Flooding
Show as a table
| Category | Fulton County | Georgia |
|---|---|---|
| No flooding | 75.5% | 80.5% |
| Rare or very rare | 0.1% | 1.2% |
| Occasional | 9.8% | 4.7% |
| Frequent or very frequent | 0.0% | 12.7% |
| Not reported | 14.7% | 0.9% |
Seasonal high water table
Show as a table
| Category | Fulton County | Georgia |
|---|---|---|
| Within 18 inches at some time of year | 5.0% | 25.4% |
| 18 inches to 3.3 feet | 3.5% | 8.6% |
| Deeper than 3.3 feet or none reported | 77.2% | 65.6% |
| Not reported | 14.3% | 0.4% |
Topsoil pH and texture
First mineral layer of each soil
Typical topsoil pH is 5.5 (strongly acidic); 80% of rated land falls between 5.5 and 5.8. Median topsoil organic matter is 1.2%.
Show as a table
| Category | Fulton County | Georgia |
|---|---|---|
| Strongly acidic (below 5.5) | 3.6% | 56.5% |
| Moderately to slightly acidic (5.5–6.4) | 62.7% | 40.7% |
| Near neutral (6.5–7.3) | 0.0% | 1.2% |
| Alkaline (7.4 and up) | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| Not reported | 33.7% | 1.6% |
Texture
Show as a table
| Category | Fulton County | Georgia |
|---|---|---|
| Sandy | 2.0% | 42.8% |
| Loamy (loam, silt loam and similar) | 64.4% | 53.7% |
| Clayey (40%+ clay) | 0.0% | 1.0% |
| Organic (muck or peat) | 0.0% | 1.0% |
| Not reported (rock, urban land, etc.) | 33.7% | 1.5% |
Sources & data dates
- Source
- USDA NRCS Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), queried through Soil Data Access. Public domain.
- Data date
- SSURGO as published on November 3, 2026 (most recent survey area update October 26, 2026). NRCS refreshes SSURGO each October.
- Scope
- Fulton County, Georgia (FIPS 13121): 330,479 acres of mapped land, 5,010 acres of open water excluded. State comparisons pool all mapped land in Georgia.
- Method
- Shares are by mapped land area: each map unit’s acres in the county times each soil component’s percentage. Open water is excluded. Topsoil values use the first mineral horizon of each component. Full methodology.