Soil series profile

Lowell soil series

Lowell is a well drained soil with a silt loam surface, mapped on 1,148,742 acres in 87 counties across 7 states. Hydrologic group C.

#137 by mapped area fine Typic Hapludalfs (Alfisols)

Drainage class
Well drained
95% of mapped acres
Hydrologic group
C
90% of mapped acres
Typical topsoil pH
6.1
slightly acidic · range 5.3–6.1
Mapped area
1.1M
acres in 87 counties, 7 states

Typical Lowell profile

Texture and pH by depth

Typical Lowell soil profile by depth 0 in 20 in 40 in 60 in 0–8 in · Ap · pH 6.1 · 14% clay Silt loam 8–41 in · Bt · pH 7.0 · 51% clay Silty clay 41–53 in · BCk · pH 7.5 · 51% clay Silty clay 53–63 in · R Bedrock
Depth to scale. More strongly shaded layers hold more clay. Horizon names are the soil survey's (A = topsoil, B = subsoil, C = parent material).
Show as a table
Typical Lowell horizons (representative values)
Depth Texture pH Clay Sand Organic matter
0–8 in (Ap) Silt loam 6.1 14% 16% 1.75%
8–41 in (Bt) Silty clay 7.0 51% 7% 0.25%
41–53 in (BCk) Silty clay 7.5 51% 4% 0.25%
53–63 in (R) Bedrock Not reported Not reported Not reported Not reported

Representative values from the most extensive Lowell map unit (Lowell-Faywood silt loams, 6 to 12 percent slopes, survey area KY211). Other map units of this series vary within the series range.

Hands holding dark garden soil
Stock photo for illustration, not a sample of this soil series. Credit on the Sources & method page.

What this means

What Lowell soil means for gardens, lawns and septic systems

For gardens

Typical topsoil in Lowell soils is slightly acidic: pH 6.1 (most land between 5.3 and 6.1), the range most vegetables, flowers and lawn grasses prefer.

Loamy topsoil (loam, silt loam and similar) covers 96% of mapped Lowell acres: generally the easiest soil to garden, holding moisture without staying waterlogged. The most common surface texture is silt loam (82% of mapped Lowell acres).

>99% of mapped Lowell acres is moderately well to excessively drained, which suits most garden plants.

For lawns and yards

On 90% of mapped acres, rain soaks in slowly (hydrologic groups C and D, including dual groups that are D until drained). Expect runoff and puddles after heavy rain: core-aerate compacted lawns and keep ground sloping away from foundations.

For a septic system

For conventional septic absorption fields, NRCS rates 97% of the acres in mapped Lowell soils very limited, 0% somewhat limited and 0% not limited (4% not rated, such as urban land, pits or water).

Where the soil is very limited (slow permeability, a high water table, flooding, shallow bedrock or steep slopes), alternative systems such as mound or sand-filter designs are common and cost more.

Only a licensed site evaluation or perc test at the actual lot decides whether a system is allowed and which design.

Generated from the mapped numbers above using fixed rules, not a site visit. See how these notes are written.

Where Lowell soil is found

Mapped acres

Lowell is mapped in Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, Indiana and Maryland. The 60 counties with the most Lowell acres:

Counties with the most mapped Lowell soil
County Acres Share of county land
Shelby County, KY 77,143 31.3%
Belmont County, OH 74,197 21.7%
Mason County, KY 53,345 34.6%
Bourbon County, KY 45,202 24.5%
Noble County, OH 43,907 17.2%
Henry County, KY 43,656 23.5%
Jefferson County, OH 37,591 14.4%
Morgan County, OH 36,576 13.7%
Nelson County, KY 36,344 13.4%
Clark County, KY 35,523 21.9%
Scott County, KY 34,379 19.0%
Washington County, KY 32,563 17.0%
Fleming County, KY 31,078 13.9%
Owen County, KY 30,693 13.6%
Washington County, PA 27,202 5.0%
Madison County, KY 24,218 8.6%
Bath County, KY 23,916 13.5%
Fayette County, KY 23,703 13.1%
Grant County, KY 22,874 13.8%
Garrard County, KY 21,397 14.5%
Spencer County, KY 21,361 17.9%
Marion County, KY 19,876 9.0%
Greene County, PA 18,863 5.1%
Lincoln County, KY 17,629 8.2%
Montgomery County, KY 17,322 13.7%
Mercer County, KY 16,554 10.4%
Bracken County, KY 16,407 12.7%
Nicholas County, KY 16,395 13.1%
Guernsey County, OH 15,819 4.7%
Anderson County, KY 14,366 11.1%
Boyle County, KY 13,849 12.0%
Muskingum County, OH 13,497 3.2%
Harrison County, KY 13,225 6.7%
Westmoreland County, PA 12,843 2.0%
Pendleton County, KY 12,415 6.9%
Carroll County, KY 12,405 15.0%
Montgomery County, VA 11,842 5.8%
Franklin County, KY 11,601 8.7%
Fayette County, PA 10,571 2.1%
Gallatin County, KY 9,910 15.8%
Pulaski County, VA 8,330 5.0%
Woodford County, KY 7,919 6.5%
Adams County, OH 7,574 2.0%
Oldham County, KY 6,539 5.4%
Caldwell County, KY 5,665 2.6%
Harrison County, OH 4,988 2.0%
Livingston County, KY 4,839 2.4%
Robertson County, KY 4,787 7.5%
Jessamine County, KY 4,664 4.2%
Washington County, OH 4,048 1.0%
Allegheny County, PA 3,975 0.9%
Kenton County, KY 3,932 3.8%
Cumberland County, KY 3,831 2.0%
Trimble County, KY 3,163 3.3%
Campbell County, KY 3,129 3.3%
Brown County, OH 3,036 1.0%
Boone County, KY 2,879 1.8%
Monroe County, OH 2,182 0.7%
Casey County, KY 1,791 0.6%
Monroe County, KY 1,592 0.7%

Septic absorption fields

NRCS rating, share of Lowell acres

Not limited 0%
Somewhat limited 0%
Very limited 97%
Not rated 4%
Septic tank absorption field rating across mapped Lowell acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Septic tank absorption field rating across mapped Lowell acres.
CategoryShare of acres
Not limited0.0%
Somewhat limited0.0%
Very limited96.5%
Not rated3.5%

Drainage, water table and flooding

Share of Lowell acres

Depth to seasonal high water table
About 3.6 feet (43 in) (median where reported).
Flooding
Not mapped as flooding on most acres.
Slope
Typically 4–33% (median 9%).
Topsoil organic matter
Median 1.8%.

Drainage class

Excessively drained 0%
Somewhat excessively drained 0%
Well drained 95%
Moderately well drained 4%
Somewhat poorly drained 0%
Poorly drained 0%
Very poorly drained 0%
Not rated <1%
Drainage class across mapped Lowell acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Drainage class across mapped Lowell acres.
CategoryShare of acres
Excessively drained0.0%
Somewhat excessively drained0.0%
Well drained95.2%
Moderately well drained4.4%
Somewhat poorly drained0.0%
Poorly drained0.0%
Very poorly drained0.0%
Not rated0.4%

Hydrologic soil group

A: fast infiltration (mostly sandy or gravelly) 0%
B: moderate infiltration 6%
C: slow infiltration 90%
D: very slow infiltration (clayey, shallow or wet) 0%
A/D: D as is, A if drained 0%
B/D: D as is, B if drained 0%
C/D: D as is, C if drained 0%
Not rated 4%
Hydrologic soil group across mapped Lowell acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Hydrologic soil group across mapped Lowell acres.
CategoryShare of acres
A: fast infiltration (mostly sandy or gravelly)0.0%
B: moderate infiltration6.0%
C: slow infiltration90.4%
D: very slow infiltration (clayey, shallow or wet)0.0%
A/D: D as is, A if drained0.0%
B/D: D as is, B if drained0.0%
C/D: D as is, C if drained0.0%
Not rated3.5%

Sources & data dates

Source
USDA NRCS Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), queried through Soil Data Access. Public domain.
Data date
SSURGO as published on November 3, 2026 (most recent survey area update October 26, 2026). NRCS refreshes SSURGO each October.
Scope
All map unit components named Lowell (component kind "Series") in SSURGO: 1,148,742 acres.
Method
Shares are by mapped acres of Lowell components. The profile comes from the single largest Lowell component. Full methodology.

Independent reference site. No government affiliation or endorsement.

Full narrative description: USDA Official Soil Series Description for Lowell.