Soil series profile

Crosby soil series

Crosby is a somewhat poorly drained soil with a silt loam surface, mapped on 1,144,246 acres in 60 counties across 2 states. Hydrologic group C/D.

#139 by mapped area fine Aeric Epiaqualfs (Alfisols)

Drainage class
Somewhat poorly drained
>99% of mapped acres
Hydrologic group
C/D
96% of mapped acres
Typical topsoil pH
6.2
slightly acidic · range 5.9–6.2
Mapped area
1.1M
acres in 60 counties, 2 states

Typical Crosby profile

Texture and pH by depth

Typical Crosby soil profile by depth 0 in 20 in 40 in 60 in 0–8 in · Ap · pH 5.9 · 18% clay Silt loam 8–11 in · BE · pH 5.8 · 17% clay Silt loam 11–14 in · Bt · pH 6.2 · 25% clay Silt loam 14–28 in · 2Bt · pH 6.2 · 40% clay Silty clay 28–36 in · 2BCt · pH 8.1 · 26% clay Loam 36–79 in · 2Cd · pH 8.1 · 18% clay Loam
Depth to scale. More strongly shaded layers hold more clay. Horizon names are the soil survey's (A = topsoil, B = subsoil, C = parent material).
Show as a table
Typical Crosby horizons (representative values)
Depth Texture pH Clay Sand Organic matter
0–8 in (Ap) Silt loam 5.9 18% 18% 2.5%
8–11 in (BE) Silt loam 5.8 17% 20% 1.5%
11–14 in (Bt) Silt loam 6.2 25% 20% 0.75%
14–28 in (2Bt) Silty clay 6.2 40% 18% 0.75%
28–36 in (2BCt) Loam 8.1 26% 34% 0.25%
36–79 in (2Cd) Loam 8.1 18% 42% 0.25%

Representative values from the most extensive Crosby map unit (Crosby silt loam, New Castle Till Plain, 0 to 2 percent slopes, survey area IN145). Other map units of this series vary within the series range.

Hands holding dark garden soil
Stock photo for illustration, not a sample of this soil series. Credit on the Sources & method page.

What this means

What Crosby soil means for gardens, lawns and septic systems

For gardens

Typical topsoil in Crosby soils is slightly acidic: pH 6.2 (most land between 5.9 and 6.2), the range most vegetables, flowers and lawn grasses prefer.

Loamy topsoil (loam, silt loam and similar) covers 99% of mapped Crosby acres: generally the easiest soil to garden, holding moisture without staying waterlogged. The most common surface texture is silt loam (99% of mapped Crosby acres).

>99% of mapped Crosby acres is somewhat poorly to very poorly drained, so soil stays soggy for long spells after rain and in wet seasons. Raised beds, plants that tolerate wet feet, and not working the soil while wet all help.

For lawns and yards

On 99% of mapped acres, rain soaks in slowly (hydrologic groups C and D, including dual groups that are D until drained). Expect runoff and puddles after heavy rain: core-aerate compacted lawns and keep ground sloping away from foundations.

A seasonal high water table comes within 18 inches of the surface on 98% of mapped acres, often in spring. Basements, sump pumps and lawns in low spots feel it first.

For a septic system

For conventional septic absorption fields, NRCS rates 99% of the acres in mapped Crosby soils very limited, 0% somewhat limited and 0% not limited (1% not rated, such as urban land, pits or water).

Where the soil is very limited (slow permeability, a high water table, flooding, shallow bedrock or steep slopes), alternative systems such as mound or sand-filter designs are common and cost more.

Only a licensed site evaluation or perc test at the actual lot decides whether a system is allowed and which design.

Generated from the mapped numbers above using fixed rules, not a site visit. See how these notes are written.

Where Crosby soil is found

Mapped acres

Crosby is mapped in Ohio and Indiana.

Counties with the most mapped Crosby soil
County Acres Share of county land
Darke County, OH 94,670 24.7%
Shelby County, IN 82,996 31.9%
Madison County, OH 80,954 27.1%
Miami County, OH 80,396 30.9%
Franklin County, OH 71,801 20.9%
Hancock County, IN 68,278 35.0%
Pickaway County, OH 57,353 17.9%
Champaign County, OH 51,986 19.0%
Fayette County, OH 49,781 19.1%
Henry County, IN 47,540 19.0%
Rush County, IN 46,079 17.7%
Wayne County, IN 42,533 16.9%
Preble County, OH 30,437 11.2%
Ross County, OH 27,518 6.3%
Clark County, OH 27,403 10.8%
Montgomery County, OH 26,302 8.9%
Shelby County, OH 24,495 9.4%
Delaware County, IN 22,356 8.9%
Randolph County, IN 20,720 7.2%
Tipton County, IN 16,983 10.4%
Bartholomew County, IN 16,336 6.3%
Clinton County, IN 16,231 6.3%
Logan County, OH 15,406 5.2%
Clinton County, OH 10,900 4.2%
Union County, OH 10,402 3.7%
Montgomery County, IN 9,798 3.1%
Wabash County, IN 9,200 3.5%
Boone County, IN 8,692 3.2%
Greene County, OH 8,223 3.1%
Decatur County, IN 7,444 3.1%
Marion County, IN 6,630 2.7%
Hamilton County, IN 6,390 2.5%
Hendricks County, IN 6,247 2.4%
Madison County, IN 5,729 2.0%
Johnson County, IN 5,416 2.7%
Highland County, OH 4,942 1.4%
Fayette County, IN 4,829 3.5%
Howard County, IN 3,381 1.8%
Allen County, IN 2,637 0.6%
Fairfield County, OH 2,354 0.7%
Union County, IN 2,184 2.1%
Morgan County, IN 1,821 0.7%
Franklin County, IN 1,229 0.5%
Fountain County, IN 1,163 0.5%
Butler County, OH 1,098 0.4%
Carroll County, IN 1,043 0.4%
Grant County, IN 1,030 0.4%
Putnam County, IN 929 0.3%
Cass County, IN 606 0.2%
Miami County, IN 414 0.2%
Tippecanoe County, IN 273 0.1%
Benton County, IN 216 0.1%
Warren County, IN 194 0.1%
Noble County, IN 119 0.0%
Jennings County, IN 95 0.0%
Steuben County, IN 27 0.0%
Whitley County, IN 23 0.0%
Warren County, OH 9 0.0%
Brown County, IN 1 0.0%
Hocking County, OH 1 0.0%

Septic absorption fields

NRCS rating, share of Crosby acres

Not limited 0%
Somewhat limited 0%
Very limited 99%
Not rated 1%
Septic tank absorption field rating across mapped Crosby acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Septic tank absorption field rating across mapped Crosby acres.
CategoryShare of acres
Not limited0.0%
Somewhat limited0.0%
Very limited99.0%
Not rated1.0%

Drainage, water table and flooding

Share of Crosby acres

Depth to seasonal high water table
About 6 inches (median where reported); within 18 inches on 98% of acres.
Flooding
Not mapped as flooding on most acres.
Slope
Typically 1–2% (median 1%).
Topsoil organic matter
Median 2.5%.

Drainage class

Excessively drained 0%
Somewhat excessively drained 0%
Well drained 0%
Moderately well drained 0%
Somewhat poorly drained >99%
Poorly drained 0%
Very poorly drained 0%
Not rated <1%
Drainage class across mapped Crosby acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Drainage class across mapped Crosby acres.
CategoryShare of acres
Excessively drained0.0%
Somewhat excessively drained0.0%
Well drained0.0%
Moderately well drained0.0%
Somewhat poorly drained99.1%
Poorly drained0.0%
Very poorly drained0.0%
Not rated0.9%

Hydrologic soil group

A: fast infiltration (mostly sandy or gravelly) 0%
B: moderate infiltration 0%
C: slow infiltration 0%
D: very slow infiltration (clayey, shallow or wet) 3%
A/D: D as is, A if drained 0%
B/D: D as is, B if drained 0%
C/D: D as is, C if drained 96%
Not rated 1%
Hydrologic soil group across mapped Crosby acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Hydrologic soil group across mapped Crosby acres.
CategoryShare of acres
A: fast infiltration (mostly sandy or gravelly)0.0%
B: moderate infiltration0.0%
C: slow infiltration0.0%
D: very slow infiltration (clayey, shallow or wet)3.0%
A/D: D as is, A if drained0.0%
B/D: D as is, B if drained0.0%
C/D: D as is, C if drained96.0%
Not rated1.0%

Sources & data dates

Source
USDA NRCS Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), queried through Soil Data Access. Public domain.
Data date
SSURGO as published on November 3, 2026 (most recent survey area update October 26, 2026). NRCS refreshes SSURGO each October.
Scope
All map unit components named Crosby (component kind "Series") in SSURGO: 1,144,246 acres.
Method
Shares are by mapped acres of Crosby components. The profile comes from the single largest Crosby component. Full methodology.

Independent reference site. No government affiliation or endorsement.

Full narrative description: USDA Official Soil Series Description for Crosby.