Soil series profile

Leon soil series

Leon is a poorly drained soil with a fine sand surface, mapped on 1,116,217 acres in 89 counties across 7 states. Hydrologic group A/D.

#142 by mapped area sandy Aeric Alaquods (Spodosols)

Drainage class
Poorly drained
96% of mapped acres
Hydrologic group
A/D
100% of mapped acres
Typical topsoil pH
4.8
very strongly acidic · range 3.9–5.1
Mapped area
1.1M
acres in 89 counties, 7 states

Typical Leon profile

Texture and pH by depth

Typical Leon soil profile by depth 0 in 20 in 40 in 60 in 0–7 in · A · pH 5.1 · 3% clay Fine sand 7–11 in · E · pH 5.1 · 2% clay Fine sand 11–26 in · Bh · pH 5.1 · 5% clay Loamy fine sand 26–59 in · Eg · pH 5.1 · 2% clay Loamy fine sand 59–74 in · EBh · pH 5.1 · 4% clay Loamy fine sand 74–80 in · B'h · pH 5.1 · 6% clay Loamy fine sand
Depth to scale. More strongly shaded layers hold more clay. Horizon names are the soil survey's (A = topsoil, B = subsoil, C = parent material).
Show as a table
Typical Leon horizons (representative values)
Depth Texture pH Clay Sand Organic matter
0–7 in (A) Fine sand 5.1 3% 95% 2.25%
7–11 in (E) Fine sand 5.1 2% 95% 0.25%
11–26 in (Bh) Loamy fine sand 5.1 5% 85% 3%
26–59 in (Eg) Loamy fine sand 5.1 2% 85% 0.25%
59–74 in (EBh) Loamy fine sand 5.1 4% 85% 2%
74–80 in (B'h) Loamy fine sand 5.1 6% 85% 2%

Representative values from the most extensive Leon map unit (Leon fine sand, 0 to 2 percent slopes, survey area GA611). Other map units of this series vary within the series range.

Hands holding dark garden soil
Stock photo for illustration, not a sample of this soil series. Credit on the Sources & method page.

What this means

What Leon soil means for gardens, lawns and septic systems

For gardens

Typical topsoil in Leon soils is very strongly acidic: pH 4.8 (most land between 3.9 and 5.1). Most vegetables and lawn grasses do best around 6.0 to 7.0, so lime is often needed; blueberries, azaleas and rhododendrons like it as it is.

Sandy topsoil covers >99% of mapped Leon acres. It drains fast and warms early in spring, but dries out and loses nutrients quickly: mulch, compost and steady watering help. The most common surface texture is fine sand (55% of mapped Leon acres).

100% of mapped Leon acres is somewhat poorly to very poorly drained, so soil stays soggy for long spells after rain and in wet seasons. Raised beds, plants that tolerate wet feet, and not working the soil while wet all help.

For lawns and yards

On 100% of mapped acres, rain soaks in slowly (hydrologic groups C and D, including dual groups that are D until drained). Expect runoff and puddles after heavy rain: core-aerate compacted lawns and keep ground sloping away from foundations.

A seasonal high water table comes within 18 inches of the surface on 100% of mapped acres, often in spring. Basements, sump pumps and lawns in low spots feel it first.

For a septic system

For conventional septic absorption fields, NRCS rates 100% of the acres in mapped Leon soils very limited, 0% somewhat limited and 0% not limited.

Where the soil is very limited (slow permeability, a high water table, flooding, shallow bedrock or steep slopes), alternative systems such as mound or sand-filter designs are common and cost more.

Only a licensed site evaluation or perc test at the actual lot decides whether a system is allowed and which design.

Generated from the mapped numbers above using fixed rules, not a site visit. See how these notes are written.

Where Leon soil is found

Mapped acres

Leon is mapped in Florida, North Carolina, Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Virginia and Mississippi. The 60 counties with the most Leon acres:

Counties with the most mapped Leon soil
County Acres Share of county land
Duval County, FL 75,771 15.2%
Taylor County, FL 73,444 11.0%
Dixie County, FL 66,934 14.4%
Charlton County, GA 60,365 13.3%
Wayne County, GA 49,560 12.1%
Nassau County, FL 48,007 11.7%
Clay County, FL 47,638 12.6%
Brunswick County, NC 42,570 8.5%
Brantley County, GA 38,348 14.3%
Bay County, FL 37,643 7.6%
Horry County, SC 36,614 5.1%
Bladen County, NC 31,676 6.2%
Lafayette County, FL 30,890 8.9%
Wakulla County, FL 30,005 7.4%
Onslow County, NC 27,090 6.1%
Pender County, NC 25,752 5.2%
Baker County, FL 25,296 6.8%
Franklin County, FL 24,252 4.8%
Leon County, FL 22,177 5.2%
Duplin County, NC 21,209 4.5%
Carteret County, NC 18,086 5.9%
McIntosh County, GA 17,132 6.5%
Georgetown County, SC 16,674 3.2%
Liberty County, FL 15,596 2.9%
Walton County, FL 14,248 2.0%
Effingham County, GA 12,540 4.7%
New Hanover County, NC 12,014 10.3%
Sampson County, NC 11,715 2.1%
Columbia County, FL 10,487 2.1%
Ware County, GA 10,271 1.9%
Beaufort County, SC 10,170 2.7%
Gulf County, FL 9,718 2.4%
Charleston County, SC 9,019 1.5%
Gilchrist County, FL 8,742 3.9%
Jefferson County, FL 7,765 2.0%
Columbus County, NC 6,904 1.3%
Santa Rosa County, FL 6,653 0.9%
Gadsden County, FL 6,581 2.0%
Bryan County, GA 5,560 2.0%
Baldwin County, AL 5,434 0.6%
Craven County, NC 5,423 1.4%
Cumberland County, NC 5,311 1.4%
Pamlico County, NC 5,009 2.6%
Jones County, NC 4,555 1.6%
Okaloosa County, FL 4,404 0.7%
Escambia County, FL 4,399 1.0%
Beaufort County, NC 4,373 0.9%
Colleton County, SC 3,949 0.7%
Chatham County, GA 3,901 1.4%
Bradford County, FL 3,712 2.0%
Lenoir County, NC 3,663 1.5%
Washington County, FL 3,570 0.9%
Williamsburg County, SC 3,179 0.5%
Camden County, GA 2,972 0.7%
Dillon County, SC 2,788 1.1%
Marion County, SC 2,614 0.9%
Robeson County, NC 2,454 0.4%
Berkeley County, SC 2,374 0.3%
Wayne County, NC 2,343 0.7%
Bulloch County, GA 1,960 0.5%

Septic absorption fields

NRCS rating, share of Leon acres

Not limited 0%
Somewhat limited 0%
Very limited 100%
Septic tank absorption field rating across mapped Leon acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Septic tank absorption field rating across mapped Leon acres.
CategoryShare of acres
Not limited0.0%
Somewhat limited0.0%
Very limited100.0%

Drainage, water table and flooding

Share of Leon acres

Depth to seasonal high water table
About 6 inches (median where reported); within 18 inches on 100% of acres.
Flooding
Mapped as flooding on 2% of acres (<1% occasional, 1% frequent).
Slope
Typically 1–1% (median 1%).
Topsoil organic matter
Median 2.2%.

Drainage class

Excessively drained 0%
Somewhat excessively drained 0%
Well drained 0%
Moderately well drained 0%
Somewhat poorly drained 0%
Poorly drained 96%
Very poorly drained 4%
Drainage class across mapped Leon acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Drainage class across mapped Leon acres.
CategoryShare of acres
Excessively drained0.0%
Somewhat excessively drained0.0%
Well drained0.0%
Moderately well drained0.0%
Somewhat poorly drained0.0%
Poorly drained96.4%
Very poorly drained3.6%

Hydrologic soil group

A: fast infiltration (mostly sandy or gravelly) 0%
B: moderate infiltration 0%
C: slow infiltration 0%
D: very slow infiltration (clayey, shallow or wet) 0%
A/D: D as is, A if drained 100%
B/D: D as is, B if drained 0%
C/D: D as is, C if drained 0%
Hydrologic soil group across mapped Leon acres. Scale 0 to 100% of mapped land.
Show as a table
Hydrologic soil group across mapped Leon acres.
CategoryShare of acres
A: fast infiltration (mostly sandy or gravelly)0.0%
B: moderate infiltration0.0%
C: slow infiltration0.0%
D: very slow infiltration (clayey, shallow or wet)0.0%
A/D: D as is, A if drained100.0%
B/D: D as is, B if drained0.0%
C/D: D as is, C if drained0.0%

Sources & data dates

Source
USDA NRCS Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), queried through Soil Data Access. Public domain.
Data date
SSURGO as published on November 3, 2026 (most recent survey area update October 26, 2026). NRCS refreshes SSURGO each October.
Scope
All map unit components named Leon (component kind "Series") in SSURGO: 1,116,217 acres.
Method
Shares are by mapped acres of Leon components. The profile comes from the single largest Leon component. Full methodology.

Independent reference site. No government affiliation or endorsement.

Full narrative description: USDA Official Soil Series Description for Leon.